Effective irrigation is the key to crop production, and irrigation uniformity determines the quality of irrigation. It refers to the uniformity of water distribution in the irrigation area. Uneven irrigation can lead to uneven crop growth, reduced yield and quality, surface runoff, waste of water resources and fertilizers, and even soil pollution. Factors affecting irrigation uniformity mainly include wind direction, wind speed, sprinkler structure, nozzle size, nozzle pressure adjustment, nozzle spacing, spraying height, and terrain.
Irrigation uniformity Importance
In my country, the use of sprinklers is becoming more and more common, but irrigation uniformity is often overlooked. As users pay more attention to efficient agriculture, improving irrigation uniformity has gradually become a focus of attention. In the main potato producing areas in the north, such as Inner Mongolia and northern Shaanxi, more and more growers have begun to study how to combine sprinkler irrigation and fertilization to optimize irrigation uniformity, so as to ensure that the potatoes in the sprinkler area are beautiful and uniform in size. ตัวอย่างเช่น, when sowing in spring, it is not recommended to use potato tubers less than 50 grams as seed potatoes. If the tubers are too small and the nutrients are insufficient, once drought occurs, the plants will wilt or even die easily, showing short, thin, poor resistance, weak photosynthesis, and ultimately affecting the yield. Improving irrigation uniformity can effectively reduce these problems.
AG has always adhered to the mission of “promoting scientific irrigation and promoting industry progress” and has accumulated rich experience in the design and installation of sprinkler irrigation machines. Next, AG editor will introduce you to six effective ways to improve the uniformity of sprinkler irrigation.
1.Increase the installation height of the sprinkler head
The installation height of the sprinkler head directly affects the coverage and uniformity of the spraying. The higher the height, the wider the coverage, the higher the overlap rate of the spraying, but the water evaporation loss will increase. In areas with strong winds and high evaporation in northwest China, the sprinkler head should not be too high. According to foreign experience, under windless conditions, the irrigation efficiency can reach 90% when the sprinkler head is 1.5 ถึง 2.1 meters above the ground. Increasing wind speed will rapidly reduce efficiency. When the wind speed reaches 6.5 ถึง 8.6 meters per second, the efficiency drops by 17% ถึง 30%.
2.Increase the number of water outlets and optimize the spacing between sprinklers
In order to improve the irrigation effect, it is crucial to choose the right spacing between sprinklers. Usually there are three spacings of 0.75 เมตร, 1.9 meters and 2.9 เมตร. For newly installed equipment, smaller spacing can improve uniformity. For existing equipment, the number of sprinklers can be increased by changing the goose-shaped tube to a Y-shaped tube. ในเวลาเดียวกัน, staggering the sprinklers to increase the coverage overlap rate is a simple and efficient improvement.
3.Level the land and reduce the impact of slope on runoff
The slope of the land will significantly affect water infiltration and surface runoff. In areas with larger slopes, water waste and soil loss are more serious. ดังนั้น, leveling the land and reducing the slope can effectively reduce runoff losses and improve irrigation efficiency.
4.Choose the right rotary sprinkler according to the crop type
Different crops have different tolerances to the impact strength of water droplets, and the intensity of water droplets will also affect the penetration effect of the soil. ตัวอย่างเช่น, vegetables and flowers are more suitable for atomization indicators of 4000-5000, while grain crops are more suitable for 3000-4000. When selecting a sprinkler, the degree of atomization needs to be adjusted according to the crop type and soil properties to reduce impact damage.
5.Choose a sprinkler tray with stronger wind resistance
Wind force has a great influence on the distribution of sprinkler water. Even for the same sprinkler, sprinkler trays of different designs can adapt to different wind conditions to ensure uniform distribution of water and reduce deviation.
6.Scientific verification of sprinkler configuration
Professional sprinkler manufacturers will design a scientific sprinkler configuration table based on the actual parameters of the equipment, including water flow, water inlet pressure, sprinkler length, pipe diameter, sprinkler type, sprinkler height and spacing, ฯลฯ. อย่างไรก็ตาม, some non-professional manufacturers arbitrarily configure, resulting in poor irrigation effect. ดังนั้น, regular verification of whether the sprinkler configuration is scientific can effectively improve irrigation uniformity.
Conclusion and call for action
By setting the nozzle height reasonably, optimizing the spacing, leveling the land and scientifically configuring the plan, the irrigation uniformity can be significantly improved, water waste can be reduced, and crop yields can be increased. AG is always committed to promoting scientific irrigation. If you have any questions or suggestions about improving irrigation efficiency, please leave a message below to interact with us. ในเวลาเดียวกัน, you are welcome to share this article with your friends so that more people can understand how to irrigate scientifically, save water and increase production!